Fourteen days after bacterial infection, most of the. Pleuropulmonary nocardiosis due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum in a. Status of the name nocardia otitidiscaviarum snijders 1924. Nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection of a traumatic skin wound. Nocardia brasiliensis is the most common nocardia species in cutaneous disease especially progressive and lymphocutaneous disease, although n asteroides and nocardia otitidiscaviarum have also occasionally been isolated. Members of the genus nocardia are associated with the group of microorganisms known as the aerobic actinomycetes and belong specifically to the family mycobacteriaceae.
Respiratory tract involvement is the most common presentation. Nocardiosis often affects the foot and features persistent discharging abscesses madura foot. We present a case of pulmonary nocardiosis with pleural involvement in an adolescent with rheumatic heart disease and congestive cardiac failure presenting with right lower lobe consolidation and pleural effusion. Gram stain gram staining is the most sensitive method by which to visualize and recognize nocardia in clinical samples clinical specimens beaded gram positive rods, 0.
Genetic diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility of nocardia species. Pdf rationale nocardia species are aerobic saprophytic bacilli. We present a case of pulmonary nocardiosis with pleural involvement in an adolescent with rheumatic heart disease and congestive cardiac. Full text nocardia otitidiscaviarum pneumonia in an. Nocardia farcinica, nocardia nova, nocardia brasiliensis, nocardia pseudobrasiliensis, nocardia otitidiscaviarum, and nocardia transvalensis. Among nocardia species, nocardia otitidiscaviarum n otitidiscaviarum is.
Granules are most often seen in infections caused by n. The organism was identified in cultures of pus specimens from the infected wound. A 31 yearold intravenous drug abuser with a diagnosis of fullblown aids, presented with high fever and. Nocardia otitidiscaviarum has been infrequently reported as a cause of either localized or disseminated infection in humans. Primary cutaneous nocardiosis due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum. A case of primarynocardia otitidiscaviarum infection of a skin wound over an open fracture in a previously healthy adult who suffered multiple trauma in a car accident is reported. In people with reduced resistance to infection immunodeficiency abscesses occur in the lungs and in other parts of the body, including the bowels. It starts in your lungs or skin, and can cause serious problems if it gets into your bloodstream and infects other. Disseminated nocardiosis due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum should be suspected in immunocompetent hosts with risk factors such as medication with prednisolone. Species of the genus nocardia associated with infections in humansa.
Nocardia infections in solid organ transplantation clark 20. Nocardia otitidiscaviarum, disseminative, lung, liver. The case demonstrated the difficulties of testing susceptibility of nocardiae in vitro and the necessity of prolonged antibiotic. Nocardia brain abscesses are commonly found in the brain stem, basal ganglia, and cerebral cortex5, and the mortality rate for patients who develop brain abscesses is about 50%6. Molecular study of persistence of nocardia asteroides and.
Pdf severe pneumonia due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum identified. Pleuropulmonary nocardiosis due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum. First reported nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection in an aids. Diagnosing primary cerebral nocardiosis is difficult. Common factors include long term corticosteroid use, malignancy, human immunodeficiency virus infection and chronic obstructive pulmonary predisposing to nocardia infectionsdisease. The susceptibility patterns vary with different species of nocardia. Naphthalene metabolism in nocardia otitidiscaviarum strain. Determination of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of nocardia spp. This method is suitable for the rapid identification of nocardia spp. Nocardia is a genus of weakly staining grampositive, catalasepositive, rodshaped bacteria. We evaluated the usefulness of pcr amplification of a portion of the nocardia 16s rrna gene and subsequent restriction endonuclease analysis rea for species identification. Primary brain abscess caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum.
However, the novel organisms consistently formed a clade distinct from that of the five latter species. However, the prevalence of nocardial infections in general, and specific nocardia. Nocardien benannt nach dem franzosischen infektiologen edmond nocard sind. The aim of the present study was to summarize the clinical characteristics of nocardiosis caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum in order to improve the knowledge of nocardiosis. Although a saprophyte nocardia spp are responsible for superficial skin infections, pulmonary infections, and disseminated nocardiosis usually involving patients who are immunosuppressed and debilitated.
Nocardia asteroids among the nocardial genus is the most common pathogen, although nocardia brasiliensis, nocardia otitidiscaviarum, nocardia farcinica, nocardia nova and nocardia transvalensis. Among nocardia species, nocardia otitidiscaviarum n otitidiscaviarum is rarely reported in pulmonary infection. Summary the name nocardia otitidis caviarum sic snijders 1924 was proposed for an organism from the infected middle ears of guinea pigs in sumatra. Jul 11, 2008 nocardia otitidiscaviarum strain tsh1 dsm 45036, a moderate thermophilic bacterium which was originally isolated in our laboratory from a petroindustrial wastewater. It forms partially acidfast beaded branching filaments acting as fungi, but being truly bacteria. We report 2 renal transplant recipients presenting with pleural effusion and acute respiratory distress syndrome owing to n. Disseminated nocardiosis due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum. Earth sciences dermatitis causas cuidado y tratamiento observaciones gatos enfermedades investigacion veterinaria informes. Multifocal ulcerations covered by bloody exudate on the right elbow upon arrival at the hospital.
Among the nocardial species, nocardia otitidiscaviarum formerly nocardia caviae as causative agent of pulmonary disease is rarely reported even in immunocompromised individuals. Nocardia induces parkinsonismlike alterations in mice brazilian journal of medical and biological research 2004 37. Nocardia are usually pathogenic opportunists in humans and animals whose host defenses are compromised. We report on a rare case of pulmonary nocardiosis and brain abscess caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an elderly woman with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Severe pneumonia due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum identified by. Comparative 16s rdna studies on six strains of actinomycete isolated from clinical specimens revealed that they belong to the genus nocardia and are closely related to nocardia seriolae, nocardia otitidiscaviarum, nocardia uniformis, nocardia pseudobrasiliensis and nocardia crassostreae. This name the nocardia of otitis of guinea pigs is a correctly formed binary combination, is validly published and legitimate. A fatal case of nocardia otitidiscaviarum pulmonary infection. Case report a protracted primary cutaneous nocardiosis due to. Thermophilic aerobic nocardia otitidiscaviarum strain tsh1 was originally isolated in our laboratory on phenanthrene as the sole source of carbon and energy zeinali et al. Only four other cases of lymphocutaneous nocardiosis caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum are reported. Early identification of the causative species and susceptibility results is crucial given the diverse resistance patterns amongst various nocardia species.
The most important causes of infection in transplant recipients are nocardia asteroides sensu stricto 1, n. This type of bacteria can be found in the soil and water of regions around the world. Pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis due to nocardia nova in a catdermatite e paniculite piogranulomatosas causadas por nocardia nova em um gato. Some species are nonpathogenic, while others are responsible for nocardiosis. Degradation of phenanthrene and anthracene by nocardia. May 21, 2015 nocardia is very slowgrowing and it can take up to four weeks for a positive culture. The microbiology laboratory needs to be informed if nocardia is suspected so that samples can be incubated for a longer period of time than usual.
The present study was conducted to identify nocardia spp. His history was questionable for a recent spider bite. Nocardiosis is an infectious actinomycetic disease with a. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. This work describes the first case of nocardiosis in italy caused byn. Pdf cavitary pneumonia caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum.
Cavitary pneumonia caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum. A fatal case of nocardia otitidiscaviarum pulmonary infection and. Nocardia otitidiscaviarum is a rare cause of pulmonary nocardiosis. Nocardia otitidiscaviarum is one of the less commonly isolated species of nocardia. Infections in immunocompetent individuals are usually chronic and present nonspecific symptoms. Nocardia otitidiscaviarum gam5 induces parkinsonianlike. Three nocardia asteroides and five nocardia otitidiscaviarum isolates recovered from three patients with longterm nocardiosis were compared by random amplification of polymorphic dna fingerprinting, antibiotic susceptibility testing, and enzymatic characterization. Human nocardiosis may present as an acute or a chronic infection.
We herein describe a patient with a brain abscess caused by n. Nocardia infections are rare in humans, occurring more frequently in immunosuppressed patients. Rarer human pathogens include but are not limited to nocardia abscessus, nocardia africana,nocardia cyriacigeorgica, nocardia paucivarans, and nocardia veterana. Nocardia infections in solid organ transplantation clark. Nocardiosis is a disease caused by bacteria found in soil or standing water. Temperature growth range for this strain was 3055 c with the maximum growth rate at 50 c.
Murray pr, baron ej, pfaller ma, tenover fc, yolken rh. Only 10 of 347 cases of infections due to nocardia in the united states 2. Taxonomic identification involved phenotypic testing, restriction fragment length polymorphism. More than 30 of the 80 nocardia species characterized have been associated with disease 2, 5, 6. In addition, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns differ among nocardia species, making species identification important for treatment1. Determination of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of. Systemic infections of norcardia are rare and commonly occur in immunocompromised individuals7. Nocardiosis is a rare infection caused by the nocardia asteroides bacterium. Pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis due to nocardia. Disseminated nocardiosis caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an.